Something major happened in the domain of physics deep beneath the Alps, on the Swiss-French border. After a three-year pause for modifications, the Large Hadron Collider, the world’s most powerful particle accelerator, was reopened on Friday morning.
The machine, which has a circumference of 27 kilometers (16.7 miles), is made of superconducting magnets chilled to a temperature of 271.3°C (-456°F), which is colder than outer space. It works by slamming together microscopic particles to let scientists see and see what’s within.
It may sound like science fiction, but physicists expect that the redesigned collider would eventually allow mankind to observe dark matter.
In 2011, scientists used the Large Hadron Collider at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), which is located 100 meters underground, to prove the existence of a subatomic particle known as the Higgs boson, which is thought to be a fundamental building block of the universe dating back billions of years.
According to CERN’s website, the collider magnets “squeeze” small particles, causing them to collide and be observed by scientists.
According to CERN, these particles are so small that set them up to crash together is difficult “It’s like firing two needles 10 kilometers apart and having them meet halfway.
Scientists will be able to investigate the Higgs boson in “great detail” thanks to improvements to the collider “CERN announced the news in a press statement on Friday.
Now, a group of scientists hopes to smash even more particles to unravel the secrets of dark matter, an enigmatic substance that cannot be observed since it does not absorb, reflect, or emit any light.
A difficult operation rife with ‘stress.’
Using the Hadron Collider, scientists made a key discovery in 2011: they verified the existence of the Higgs boson. They can now clean the particle in more detail thanks to technological advancements.
Dark matter is thought to make up the majority of the universe’s matter, and its capacity to cause gravitational distortions in space has already been identified.
Scientists will also concentrate on studies aimed at improving their understanding of cosmic ray showers, which occur when tiny particles from space collide with the atmosphere and then “shower” down to Earth, according to CERN.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) was originally turned on in September 2008 and has been shut down for three years for upgrades. It took a long time to turn it back on.
Rende Steinberg, who is in charge of control room operations, told Reuters earlier this week that turning it on “comes with a certain sensation of anxiety, nervousness.”
“It’s not as simple as pressing a button,” he explained.
When scientists at CERN declared in 2012 that they had found a particle that appeared to be the Higgs boson, it was one of the most significant events in scientific history. This sparked a lot of excitement because it fixed a major flaw in the Standard Model, which describes three of the four fundamental forces we know about (excluding gravity).
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